Heat exhaustion vs heat stroke: What's the difference?
Lots of us love it when some warm weather hits the UK. Let’s be honest, it’s a welcome break from the cold winters, rainy autumns and springs.
However, the heat has hit the headlines this week as Europe sees some record breaking temperatures for this time of year. In fact, the UK is set to see its hottest day ever on Tuesday (July 19).
Expected to hit the heights of 40℃, the weather is a cause for concern when it comes to global warming, food sources, travel and (most importantly) our health.
You might be seeking shade, wearing loose clothing and slathering on SPF already, and these are all great. But, are you looking out for signs of heat related health issues in yourself and loved ones? Didn’t think so.
That’s why, as the hottest day of this summer approaches, we want to make sure you know about heat exhaustion, heat stroke and what makes the conditions different.
How does the heat affect our health?
As we get hotter, we try to keep cool by sweating and increasing blood flow. This helps excess heat leave our bodies. Most commonly, this can lead to dehydration which leaves you feeling thirstier than normal and you may experience a dry mouth. Or, it can lead to other things like heat rash, which happens when your sweat glands get blocked because you are sweating too much.
Most of the human reactions to heat can be solved with lots of water, a cool room and staying out of the sun (we have loads of tips for how to stay healthy in a heatwave here). That said, heat exhaustion and stroke are a serious threat to life.
What is heat exhaustion?
Heat exhaustion is characterised by symptoms that don’t go away in 30 minutes. These include: a headache, nausea, cramps in your legs or arms or dizziness. These can appear suddenly or over a more prolonged period of time. Another common sign of heat exhaustion is cool, moist, goose-bumped, skin when it is hot outside.
If you spot any of these symptoms in the heat, the NHS says you should:
- ‘ Move them to a cool place.
- Lie down and raise their feet slightly.
- Drink plenty of water.
- Cool your skin.'
If the symptoms of heat exhaustion do not go away in half an hour, you could have heat stroke. This requires urgent medical attention.
What is the difference between heat stroke and exhaustion?
Heat stroke happens when your body is no longer able to control its internal temperature. This is different from heat exhaustion, which is primarily caused by an excessive loss of water and minerals because of sweating.
Generally, medical professionals can spot the difference between the two conditions when they take your temperature. At 38℃, it’s exhaustion. At 40℃, you’ve got heat stroke.
On top of a higher temperature, heat stroke causes more serious symptoms like unconsciousness, fast breathing or shortness of breath. If you, or someone around you is experiencing any of these things, you should call an ambulance.
If you want more information on health in the heat, check out the NHS website.
Information contained in this Articles page has been written by talkhealth based on available medical evidence. The content however should never be considered a substitute for medical advice. You should always seek medical advice before changing your treatment routine. talkhealth does not endorse any specific products, brands or treatments.
Information written by the talkhealth team
Last revised: 15 July 2022
Next review: 15 July 2025
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